If I misunderstood question then pardon.

If you need ID of the question in controller after submission, Then

1. Get ID separately in route: i.e

     Route::post('/save-answer/{question_id}, 'Controller@function_name');

2. In controller, receive it as second parameter

``

 public function function_name(Request $request, $question_id){

 //validate everything in request

 $question = Question::find($question_id);

 $question->answers()->create($request->except('_token'));
 }

``

3. In the View, give the form complete url with question id, i.e

``

 <form action="{{ url('save-answer/'. $question->id) }}" class="submit_answer">
      <!--token and all other inputs-->
 </form>

``

4. On submit in ajax just get form action for each question and send post request on route, i.e

``

 $('.submit_answer').on('submit', function(e){
 e.preventDefault();
 $.ajax({
      url: $(this).attr('action'), //get action attribute of the submitting form
      data: $(this).serialize(),
      type: 'post',
      success: function(result){
           console.log(result);
           //Do whatever you want to do here..
      },
      error: function(errors){
           console.log(errors); //These are your laravel validation errors
      }
 });
 }

``